(62) EE XV EE [V

 

%L 24` aO[ 1963 ]_[[* Z_T^ ``[]Eb `]׳V[ `m[ \Na [a Ya E[KX :

`m[* `l[ X^X [ؙ X VFT Y[O T [G ]X[ AEO _lS*

LXE \N* ]XO E [E] ^X EQ c^ UE* EK AEO %X [E] VF_ [ X_ ]X YU]+ [[N Aa ^^* T[Y[ ]XE %XE [M_-aM_ T[ AEO `ܙ c^*

`m[* A+ EQ \[ V[ E[[[ AEO aL =Y^ %K* W[, <`[[ AEO a[`b \[ ^]X %K -- ^FX %][ %Y^ EK HO_ ]XO [J_T c^ -- %YTE[ EK c_ %ؙؑ c^ ; %[[ [[, %Y[Yl VF ^ <`[[ AEO X[`b \[C T %K, aO [V V_C T J_[ X* `l[ X^X [ؙ X VF ^]X [G ]X[ AEO _lS, `l[ ES X `XC T]X [G ]X[ _lS* <`[[ X[`b \[ cK TgE [YE\[ a[EK[ ]W Y[[ [_ W[S E[* AT [[, EQ \[, [[N[ \[ J_ ^[* ^]X \_[ ]W UE `l[ LXb GcS E[T c[* VF X =d[+-A[ YU E]X cQcQ E[ X] ^C^ ^^ %[ JQ+-A[ YU J_ %^aaW C F[ %+ J_ ^^* Eܙ T+ [_ JQ+-A[ YUO F[Y [_[ E]X E[ ? VF [[, ^V AEO [YE \[ W[ ^^ Tc_ PE c^* YQK [W c^ a^ %[ a[]Q_ a* a]ؙ a[]Q_O[ a^ UE+ =dYw* a^[ =Y[ YTl [ Y[l\[ a[+ X\[ E[K, T+ X ? ^]X W[ a^[ %EbS+ ]H cK* %[ ]H UE L_ c^ GKY_ cK* a^[ E[S XXX \[ GKY_ [QK* %[[ VF A+ GK ]׻O[ T_^ G^ E^_ cK* ^ E^_ %][ [[c[ E[׻K aO ET `T [da[ W[ GKm_ ]׻O[ T_^ UE[[ Y[ c^K* T+ X, [[ ? %[[ VF, A+ ^ Electricity ([Vd) L_ UE cK %Ud Hydro-electricity (L_[Vd) AC Y[l\[ a^[ =Y[ X\[`_* A+ ^ L^[ cK, A+ L^[ T ]_Tf a^[ %EbS[ Z_+ c^* A[ UEC Electricity ([Vd) E[[[ EU cK* AO E[ [F \_* A+ ^ AT E^_ [[c[ cK Y[ T E^_ `b c^ ^[ ; a+LX Electricity ([Vd) [` =dYVX E[ V[E[* ^E,'^ [_׻K_] [[, A+ ^ [[O \[ A+O \[_ PE c^* \G[X ^]X G_YZ_ ZOKX T]X EgŻOGKC E E[KX X ? TX EgŻOGK X E[ E[_]y G_YZ_ E[_+ T Y[TX* AT ]X c^ ^ Tg[ XJ^+ EX =` %K* EXO+ AQ[[ LXb X^, T+ X, [[ ? B ^ [G_^ [Xؙ[ Z_m_ E]X V_K ; ]X c^ ^X C[ PE[E %[T E[K* %[[ VF A+ EbջJQ GK[ Q_O MQ \ G_* %][ T Q_O EOT+ J^׻K_] ; Eܙ CO XL+ MQ \ G_* A[ ]W E \[[[ X+ ? ^V Z_ V_K AO \_ _G %[ T[ [Y[T \[O \_ X _G, Tc_ ]X T `ܙ c[ X, [[* E= %][ aF aFT E[_, %][ [` \_ _G_ ; %[[ ^FX EgŻOEgŻO E[ EU `X_ aO \_ \[ ^V XT X Y[ Tc_ ]X[ [[N\[ T ^[ X* AEO %G [_׻K_] X, `l[ ES X `XC [G ]X[ AEO _lS* \G[X ^ A+ V^[ ar E[KX T[ E EX =` X+ ? ^V F[YO %]V[ Yl \_ X c^ Tc_ TX E [VF^_ ^ X [M+ Aa[ E[KX ? T X^ [[* V+^[ =` AEO+ -- ]X `ܙ\[ %X* A+ VF X -- A+ GKO^ M]E_T c^K ; A[ YKX ^ ET FO׻K T E [_[ ? G[[ ^ ET V^׻K, L_ R_׻K ET T[ PE X+* Eܙ Z_ c_ E ? %[[ VF A+ M]E_T[ GK+ B X]GK[ T_^ c^K, E]X Z_ cK* C[ YKX T AT ^ E[T c^ X* PE[ VF_X ^ 'T] T AT Jr E[_ Eܙ Z_ ZOT Y[_ E ?' T+ [_׻K_] [[, VO+ XT c[ T+ A+ a[ [[ؚ* %] \[ GT^ ؚTYp[ ^ EU %K -- 'VfFbXץG]Xf aFb [GT&cf' (2/56) -- A+ a[ [W c[ E]X E[ ^V \_O+ X[ %[ [Y[T \[O X[ X ? %[ aT [[, PE[ ^ A+ a[ E[KX, PE[ T YG_ XX ; A+ V^[ ar E[KX %]E AE+ VE X^ ^[X [_, T+ X ? T[ [[, AO %] ؑE[ E[ ^ F[Y %\a ^T a]^ _G %[ KQ ErE[C* aO XL[ L[X V^+ E [M׻K X ? A+ ^ %[V C [V ]^[ [Y[, A+ V+-+ Tg[+ ]^* cV `ؗ %K ^ \_ A[e ]V VO VE+ \G[X[* ]-E_[ AEVE[ cT [[\^ VC^ c^K, %[[ %[ AE VE `XT FQG -- VO+ Tg[*

`Eb[ [ʳV[X__[ EU \[ ; %[[ ]U[[ `Eb[ EU \[* ]U[^ EeaE ][KX, JS[E ][KX -- aFX B`^[ YE`* [ʳV[X [g` [LKX -- aFX ]W^[ YE`* AE[[ aŽS [Y[T \[ -- T+ X, [[ ? A+ [E] a[ [Y[ cVW][ ]W \G[X[ VO VE+ VF^KX* A+ VO VE AEa X XT Y[_ TgE PE aŽS\[ XC^ c^ X* [MT Y[K ?

ؑ]L[ EU ]X E[* ؑ]L ^FX WX E[TX TFX Y` JOE_[ [g` [LT* T[ E[S [g` [L_ %XE V[ UE _E[ XT Y[, EL %a[[ a]^ c^K [MT Y[[* T ؑ]L[ %a[W cT* PE[E ^FX [__X AEU, PE[ TFX B `[ =Y[+ ]X _GT [__X* ؑ]L T+ E[T _G_X %[ TT+ ]X X[r c_* a[ %[ؚm_E ؑE[ E[ XT c[* T+ X, [[ ?

%] ^FX E_ET^ [[[ a \[[_ ]Qj ^[ [QT] TFX AEVX [QT [QT [` \_ _G׻K_* AE T \[[_ -- `ܙ %[ؚ, adzV[ cC^, T[ =Y[ YEO[ JTVE+ T [Q [Q GK, a[ GKm_T+ YF[ QEK* %][ F[ \_ _GK* T[ EKlS Y[ YJ[ [ؙ V^ ]^_[ GQ ^K %[ EgJEgJ [` ` -- [[N _GK F[* T[Y[+ EK[ AEO [QT EQ XQ[ `* [Q[ M [aX ]LT AaK, T+ EQ XQK* %[[ EX [QT EQ ]L cK, a AE [` %C^L* EX EX [QT %[[ K_[ JdE[ E[ Y[l[ YQ ]Fؚ E[K* A+ a[ XX [E] ` AEa %[ c_* ]X c_, 'V[ K+'* [[ a a [_KX, "[[, A a]ؙ %C^L AE+ `N[*" [[[ EU X YU] ]X c_ ^ [[ Science ([pX)-A[ Sound (`) C T[ Wave (T[)-A[ EU [_KX* Eܙ Y[ ]X c_, 'X, [[ <`[[ AE+ `N[ [\~ YE`[ EU [_T J+KX*' AE AELX AE AEO EL E[K* A[ EX˻O \_ EX˻O ]V, [_ ? a[+ T[ cK* 'EE XV EE [V, VX Y{ \[*' ``PE[ ]T_[ ]V FC^ VF [_׻K_X, "%XV E[, %XV E[*" TX %XVO+ VF׻K_X A[e LXTX, a[ %XV[ =da EU^*

 

 

(63) \G[XE ׻Jܙ^ YT c[

 

%L 29` aO[ 1963 [[[[* ``[]Eb `]׳V[, Z_T* [E_[_ `m[ J^[ [a \NV[ a Ya E[KX* `\G[X[ LX %]V[ %Gc ^ E]X T G E[ [MKX :

LX [[, [[ %]^ a[ [a E[ E[ [_TX* AEVX [_KX ^ aF[ AaKX ; XXX Z_[ ]_ GgU AXKX PE[[ LX* AELX aLX Z_[ ]_ GgU AXKX* aE_ [_KX ^ AT Z_ UET T] aLX Z_[ ]_ GgU %X_ EX ? TX [__X, (`m[ ]FO AEO [gE^ B aF[ %\X^ E[) "\+, aLX Z_C T Z_ ; ]_ c[ X EX ? \[_] ^V PE[ %aX T \_+, %[ ^V X+ %aX A+ aLX Z_ V^ JJQ [gW F[*" \N[ aE_ caT _G_X* `m[ [__X : %]V[C \G[X[ LX %Gc A+ [E]+ c^* Tg[ =Y[ %]V[ A]X+ [`a ! ^ aF aLX Z_[ ]_ GgU X^ GK_X, PE[ %aX X [_ Tg[ TT Er c_ X ^T Er %X aFV[ c^׻K_* A+ Er YC^ ]X+ \G[XE YC^* YU] Z_׻O aT^ Y[X UE `b Z_׻O E^ M[ ^C^ %[W %X[[T Tg[ PE[[ EU+ \[KX %[ EgVKX ; PE[ TgV[ EgV^KX, %[C [` E[ TgV[ EK W[ V[X [_*

%[C AEO G `X* [[^[ E_YL cK* YgP[_ c[* ^ E][ [_ V[ a A+ YU] B EL E[K* cQEP X+* VLX _E YgPO[ ]U[ VE A[e _L[ VE OX W[K* RE[ HO Eܙ F[* E][ \gT FgQFX T_ F[ %_X E[ %aK, %[ JdE[ E[ [_K, "RE \+ a[WX, RE \+ a[WX*" a[+ Lpa E[K, "\+, ^[ [_ W[ %K TV[ a[WX X E[ V[ RE[ %K TV[ a[WX cT [_K EX ?" E][ [_K, "[Y[O c_, ^[ [_ W[ %K, T[ T ^[+* TV[ %[ ]U a[WX cT [_ EX ? RE[ [gJ_C [gJT Y[ T+ TV[ a[WX E[׻K*" [ؙ[E aVm[[ A]X ]c] ^ ^[ EK UE T[ TV[ %pTa[ X[VT c^ ^^* T+ Tg[ a AT V[E[*

^[ [`VX W[ m[[ ae&` [^KX TgV[ E[ c^T ]X cK %][ %XEVX W[ a E[׻K %]V[ F[ \_ %[ؚ* T+ [W c^ `m[ %[[ [_KX, "AEO ]^V[ _ FXElS WX E[X c^* WX[ za `b c[[ Y[ AELX Ky [_K, 'VV]S, aY\ WX[ a]^ TX[[ JF F_K*' VV]S [_KX, 'T+ LX_ E E[ ?' TFX a [_K, '%] T AE[[ ]y JF F_׻K'*"

G׻O [_ `m[ caT caT [_KX, "T[ ]X C AE[[ ^ JF F_K %[ JF [ E[ X* [ؙ[E %][C %Y[E %XE a]^ [Q [Q =YV` V+ ; Eܙ am_ ^ %]V[ L[XC Y_X E[T c[ a EU \[ X*"

`m[ %[[ AE׻O ]L[ G [_KX, "VV [V [a a^O[ [XK VF AEO Kv ]^ Lpa E[K, 'cg[ VV, T+ [V [a a^O[ [X׻Ka EX ?' VVC KO ; Eܙ VV T ! a [p[ ]T =w[ VK, 'g, LXa X* G[] L] [V [a X [X_, Y[_ E G[] c^'?" G X aE_ caKX* `m[C caT caT [_KX, "T][ T a[ %VX c_ AaK* A (LXE \NE VF^) %XEVX c_ AaK* C A+ [E] G[ c^ T]V[ =Y[ MQ[, VF[*"

 

(64) ^X aWX TX a׈

 

%L 8+ Qa[ 1963 [[[[* `m[ LaQT 'YcQEP' X]E Gc %KX* LXE \NE =` E[ [_KX, "T]^ _Q[ E[ c_* T] PE[[ EU [_*" \N׻O PE[[ EU E [_[X [MT Y[KX X, A+ \[ YE` E[T `m[ [_KX :

T] ^ LX T+ [_* PE[+ AE]y %[_X[ [ؙ ; aea[ T %XT, PE[+ XT -- A+ a[ [_* ^V [_ ^ PE[+ J_KX, TX %][ \[ X^KX A+ [W E+ -- T %] ؑE[ E[׻K, a+ [W c^ X* T[ [[, A+O+ %]V[ %[_X[ LXb* AEO G LX ?

AELXE _EJ[ VT QE c^K* TX T [NT[ ]W [mX[ %XE Vb VF^ [__X ^ [mX FC^ =׻JT X^* Eܙ TX XL [mX FT F[ \_[aTX* [NT V^ [QT AaKX* FC^[ a]^ VFKX aVX [mX \L [ [mX YQ EK+ c^ X* ؗE Lpa E[_X, "E [Y[ ? %L [mX[ EX T[E[ E[ X EX ?" ؗ [__X, "A+ T AEO %G X A_], T] [_׻K_ [mX FC^ \_ X^, [mX[ EX mS X+ -- A+ a[* T+ T %L UE [mX [ E[ V^׻K*" A+ X TX [__X, "%[, _EJ[ VC^[ a]^ C [E] X [__ J_ X ; C T EUE [mX* T+ [_ T] [mX FC^ [ E[ VC X*" `m[[ EUE [mX [_[ \T aE_ caT _G_* `m[ [_ J__X, "%]V[ L[XC %X\T c^ X aT ; <`[ KQ AO-CO X^ ]XO XQJQ E[* TKQ [[, ^+ cE X EX

TgE %[_X E[+ UET c[* TX AE]y X\[[ LXb* A+ T aWX* A YU A+ [E]+ [[*"

`m[ %X Ya [_KX : L[ E[ EK E[ PE X^* a+LX [[ %]^ ^ [E] [_TX a+ [E] E[[[ Jr E[T]* TT+ ]_ c^* AEO G `X*

V׻O K_T MGQ c^K* ^[ G^ L[ [` a %X K_OE H ETE V^K* TFX a+ [GYOE K_׻O EgVT EgVT H[ AaK* T[ ] TFX YQ[ %[ AE \V]c_E [Y[O [__X* X B \V]c_׻O [__X, "a T c[+, VV* T][ K_ [G T+ Y[ X* ][ F^ AaK* T][ K_[ G^ [_ c_ aC %[ ][ F^ Z[ %a[ X*" TFX K_׻O[ ] Lpa E[_X, "[_ T VV, Ea [_ c^ ?" \V]c_ [__X, "G[] G[] [_E VW FC^C, [_ c[*" TFX K_׻O[ ] [__X, "A+ EU !" [_ [Q G^ TlX =XX VW JY^ VW ^+ ZgYZ_ =PK %]X K_E E_ +^ MXE E[ a+ G[] VW K_[ ]F R_ VKX* %[ [_KX, "[_E VW FC, [_ c[*" K_ T Y[yc JdE[ E[K ; Eܙ E E[ EU `X* (`m[[ a+ ]^_ Re-A EU [_ X \NGS F[ caT _G_X)*

`m[ %[[ [_KX, "%][ [Q [Q %V` ]U^ [F* %][ L[X a+ [E] cK EX, T+ ]_T ^+ Eܙ <`[_\ X c_ EK[+ V] X+ ! T+ T [[ [_TX, '<`[E First (]F) E[T c['*"

(65) agJ Va

 

%L 26` Qa[ 1963 [c&T[[* LaQT \[[_ ؙyYP[ Y[ `m[E \NGS AE AE YS] E[K* `m[ F[ caKX* T[Y[ [_KX, "LX [[, ][ [_KX, ']^X agJ Va [XC'** agJ Va [_KX* %][ T+ ]X c׬K_, agJ ]X T Fg׻O* Fg׻O Va cC^ ]X, a[ Tg[ A+ \[* T T][ a[ %]^ X][ E[K, X[VX E[K %[ %]C a+ a[ PE[E X[VX E[ V׬K* Tc_ agJ Va c^ G_]* T+ F[ ca YK* AT ca YK %[ T[ =Y[ T][ YS] E[K, E E[ [_ ?" A+ [_ `m[ %[[ F[ caKX*

T[Y[ `m[ C \NGS c_H[ J FT [aKX* `m[ YTVX[ ]T +LJ^[ [a Ya E[KX :

AEO G `X [[* AELX \V_E[ [` \_ %[ؚ* TgE E= c^T Aa [__X, "AEO JE[ ^V E[ VT Y[X Tc_ F[ =YE[ c^*" TFX B \V_E [__X, "%K, [_[*" %[[ E= c^T %UE ac^ YUX E[KX, TgEC [_KX, "%K, [_[*" A+ [E] ^ ^ Aa J+KX TgE+ [_KX, "%K, [_[*" B \V_E[ EK Tg[ AE [ [a UEX %XE a]^* TX VFX ^+ %aE [[ EK EK YUX X^ [ TgE+ [_X, "%K, [_[*" Tg[ [Y[O LX[[ ETc_ c_* [E TX Lpa E[_X, "%K, ^-E= EX EK YUX X^ T][ EK %a TgE+ T] [_, "%K, [_[*" A [Y[O E [_ T ? %] T EK+ [MT Y[ X ^ EE T] [_[, E [_[*" TFX B \V_E [__X, "%] ^FX PE[[ EK [a TFX PE[E a[ [_* TX ^ \[ [MX T+ E[[X* a+LX aE_E+ [_, "%K, [_[*" %]C [[, T][ ^ [_ a[ PE[E X[VX E[ V+* a[ EK PE[E X[VX E[ VT Y[_ a[W c^* T+ X, [[ ? ^V AE G_a L_ FXEO [b Z_ VC^ c^ Tc_ a]ؙ G_a[ L_O+ [b c^ ^^, FC^ ^^ X* Eܙ a]V ^V FXEO [b Z_ VC^ c^ Tc_ a]V[ L_ E [bN c^ ? a]V[ EK+ c^ X* T]X %]V[ ^-EK \[]V a]ؙ ^V XL[ =Y[ X+ Tc_ aO G_a[ L_ [b VC^ c^ ^^* ]VO ^]X [bN, \_OC T]X [bN* %] F[Y, %][ [ EK c[ X ; %][ ^ ]X AT E <`[[ ׻Jܙ c^, -- A+ a[ ^T %][ \[[ TT G_a [b VC^ c[ %[ ]X [b^ ^[* %[[, %] [` PE[[ ]X[ ]T J_T Y[׻K, %L[L LXb ]X V׬K X -- A+ [E] ^V \[ Tc_C [b ]`X cK G_a* EXX \_ [ ]V ^O+ XL[ =Y[ \[ ^E X EX, aO XL[+ ׻Jܙ A[e aO+ <`[[ YU [W*

LX [[, E_L ^[[ YU AEO JJ (GL) YQT* TT AE AEO YO[ ][ UET* AE AEO YO[ %XEVX UET* T[Y[ aO YOT* AE[[ AEO YO[ _F ׻K_ -- Put God between you and your trouble (T][ C T][ %a[W[ ]M \G[XE ؚYX E[)* PE[ %][ ]W [^KX, %]E J_KX %[ TX a[ EK E[KX -- A+O \[+ cK %][ %[ %][ XX [E] %a[W[ ]MFX \G[XE VQ E[X*

XX [E] %a[W G_]_ T UE[+, Eܙ VrO ^V Tg[ VE Z[X ^^ TFX+ `ܙ YC^ ^^* KO K_ ]E E[_+ [[N E[K* ]^[ EYQ W[ J_ W[ OXOX E[K, ]E EL E[T VK X* ] `b [[N c^ K_E W[ K_[ [[[ EK X^ A_X* [__X, "%] EL E[T Y[׻K X A[ L_^ ; T] AE AEO a]_C*" [[ TFX E E[[X, Tg[C XXX EL, %UJ K_E a]_TC c[* TFX TX AEO [׈ E[_X* a]X+ AEO EGL[ =Y[ YU[[ AEO ]Y %gE ׻K_* TX a+ ]YO Eg׻J V^ XX [E][ OE[ E[ EO_X %[ a+ OE[m_ C_OY_O E[ ]`^ V^ K_E [__X, "A+O ]_*" A+ [_ TX XL[ EL ]X V_X ; EXX K_[ ]Y ]_T %XE a]^ _G[* TTlS Tg[ EL E[[ a[W c[* Eܙ E %J^ ! % EKlS Y[+ K_ [_K, "[[, c^ GK*" "c^ GK E [ ?" [[ T AE[[ %[E ! [_KX, "T+ E _E^ _E^ YQX E[a XE ?" K_׻O TFX [__, "[[, T] T E[_ YU[[ ]YO VFK ; Eܙ T[ =O VE ^ `Eb[ AEO adzV[ K[ ׻K_ aO T VF X* %] T YU[ ]_+ X, %] `Eb ]_^׻K T+ a[W c^K*"

G׻O [_ `m[ [_KX, "aT [[, YU[T =OYO %[ؚ[ ]W %] ^V a+m_+ ]_T ^+ Tc_ EFXC ]_T Y[[ X* %]E `Eb ]_T c[* A+ [`ʅ_[ %ܙ[_ PE[+ %KX Eܙ %][ [MT Y[׻K X* PE[E A+ a[ EK[ ]MFX VQ E[T c[ %Ud TX+ a[ E[KX A׻O+ \[T c[*"

 

 


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